新(xin)疆凈水設(she)備：高效全自動一體化(hua)凈水器(qi)

一(yi)、概述

MZX系列一(yi)體化全(quan)自(zi)動(dong)反沖(chong)(chong)凈水(shui)(shui)器主要(yao)用(yong)(yong)于去除水(shui)(shui)中懸(xuan)浮物即(ji)降(jiang)低濁(zhuo)度，還(huan)可去除部分鐵(tie)錳和(he)膠體等(deng)，出(chu)水(shui)(shui)濁(zhuo)度達到國家規定的(de)生活飲用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)濁(zhuo)度指標，廣(guang)泛應(ying)用(yong)(yong)于城鎮和(he)工(gong)礦企業(ye)的(de)生活和(he)工(gong)業(ye)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)處(chu)理(li)(li)，也可用(yong)(yong)于工(gong)業(ye)廢(fei)水(shui)(shui)處(chu)理(li)(li)。該(gai)設(she)備將混凝反應(ying)、高效斜管沉淀、多層濾(lv)料過濾(lv)和(he)重力式無閥自(zi)動(dong)反沖(chong)(chong)過濾(lv)等(deng)工(gong)藝有(you)機組(zu)合在一(yi)起(qi)，具有(you)耐沖(chong)(chong)擊負(fu)荷能力強、水(shui)(shui)頭(tou)損失(shi)少、全(quan)自(zi)動(dong)反沖(chong)(chong)洗、故障率低、運(yun)行穩(wen)定和(he)操作管理(li)(li)簡便等(deng)優點(dian)，如配套加藥及(ji)消毒設(she)備，則成(cheng)為一(yi)個全(quan)功能的(de)凈水(shui)(shui)站。

二(er)、主要性能參數

設計表面負荷率：≥7.5m3/m2·h    ;     

過濾速(su)度：7.5～10m/h        

停留時間：40min

進水濁度：≤1000NTU                   

出(chu)水濁度：≤3NTU            

進水(shui)水(shui)壓：≥0.1MPa

反洗強度：12～15L/m2·S         ;    

反沖時間：4～6min

進水壓頭:0.1Mpa                      

反沖(chong)洗壓力:≥0.15Mpa  

三、工作原理

一體化自動(dong)反沖凈(jing)水器由快速斜管沉淀(dian)器和(he)重力式無法過濾器兩部分有機組合在一起，其工作原理及技(ji)術特性如下：

(一) 快速斜管沉淀(dian)器

快速斜(xie)管(guan)沉(chen)(chen)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)將傳(chuan)統的平流式(shi)沉(chen)(chen)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)進行改(gai)進，在(zai)沉(chen)(chen)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)內設(she)置(zhi)了斜(xie)管(guan)，增加(jia)了沉(chen)(chen)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)面(mian)積而(er)使同等面(mian)積的沉(chen)(chen)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)增加(jia)了出水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)，設(she)備效率得到(dao)大大提高，同時(shi)(shi)在(zai)處理相(xiang)同水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)的前提下，設(she)備面(mian)積大大減少而(er)節省了投資。在(zai)設(she)計(ji)上選用約30mm左右的斜(xie)管(guan)管(guan)徑和間距(ju)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)條件(jian)得到(dao)明顯的改(gai)善，水(shui)(shui)(shui)流處于(yu)層流狀態(tai)、顆(ke)粒(li)沉(chen)(chen)降不受水(shui)(shui)(shui)流干(gan)擾，沉(chen)(chen)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)穩定性更好、沉(chen)(chen)降路程縮短(duan)(duan)和沉(chen)(chen)降時(shi)(shi)間更短(duan)(duan)。由于(yu)設(she)置(zhi)了混凝(ning)(ning)反應區，原水(shui)(shui)(shui)先(xian)經過混凝(ning)(ning)反應后懸浮雜(za)質先(xian)絮凝(ning)(ning)成(cheng)較大顆(ke)粒(li)再進入沉(chen)(chen)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)區，確保了沉(chen)(chen)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)效果，一般情況(kuang)下原水(shui)(shui)(shui)濁(zhuo)度在(zai)1000ppm以下時(shi)(shi)，沉(chen)(chen)淀(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)出水(shui)(shui)(shui)濁(zhuo)度可小于(yu)15ppm。

(二) 重力式(shi)無閥過(guo)濾器

重力式無法過濾器(qi)對沉淀器(qi)出水(shui)進(jin)行(xing)深度過濾處理(li)，采用(yong)先進(jin)的水(shui)力全自動運(yun)行(xing)方式。

過濾(lv)(lv)(lv)流(liu)程：經沉淀或(huo)澄清(qing)后(hou)的(de)清(qing)水(shui)(shui)，經配水(shui)(shui)槽和U型(xing)管(guan)進(jin)入虹吸上(shang)升(sheng)管(guan)，再由頂蓋內(nei)的(de)步水(shui)(shui)檔板均勻地分配到濾(lv)(lv)(lv)料層中，水(shui)(shui)自上(shang)而下通過濾(lv)(lv)(lv)層進(jin)行(xing)過濾(lv)(lv)(lv)，濾(lv)(lv)(lv)后(hou)水(shui)(shui)由小阻力配水(shui)(shui)裝(zhuang)置進(jin)行(xing)收集后(hou)進(jin)入清(qing)水(shui)(shui)區（即(ji)出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)箱）貯存(cun)，當(dang)水(shui)(shui)位上(shang)升(sheng)至出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)管(guan)時(shi)，濾(lv)(lv)(lv)后(hou)水(shui)(shui)自流(liu)到清(qing)水(shui)(shui)池(chi)。

反洗(xi)(xi)流程(cheng)：濾(lv)池(chi)運(yun)行初時(shi)(shi)(shi)比較(jiao)清潔(jie)，隨著運(yun)行時(shi)(shi)(shi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)推移而濾(lv)層表面顆(ke)粒雜質逐漸增多(duo)，水(shui)(shui)頭損失也隨之增加(jia)，水(shui)(shui)位將沿著虹(hong)(hong)吸(xi)(xi)上升(sheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)慢慢升(sheng)高，當(dang)水(shui)(shui)頭損失增加(jia)到(dao)一定(ding)程(cheng)度后，虹(hong)(hong)吸(xi)(xi)上升(sheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)位上升(sheng)到(dao)虹(hong)(hong)吸(xi)(xi)輔助(zhu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)口(kou)并從輔助(zhu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)口(kou)急速流下，依靠(kao)水(shui)(shui)流的(de)(de)(de)(de)挾氣(qi)和(he)射流作(zuo)用及抽氣(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)將虹(hong)(hong)吸(xi)(xi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)空氣(qi)帶走(zou)，使虹(hong)(hong)吸(xi)(xi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)形(xing)成真空，虹(hong)(hong)吸(xi)(xi)上升(sheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)就(jiu)大量地(di)越(yue)過管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)頂(ding)沿虹(hong)(hong)吸(xi)(xi)下降管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)落下，即(ji)開始了反沖(chong)洗(xi)(xi)過程(cheng)。清水(shui)(shui)區的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)經(jing)過連通管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、集水(shui)(shui)區和(he)配水(shui)(shui)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置從下而上沖(chong)洗(xi)(xi)濾(lv)料(liao)層，當(dang)清水(shui)(shui)區的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)位下降到(dao)虹(hong)(hong)吸(xi)(xi)破(po)(po)壞裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置時(shi)(shi)(shi)（約5min左右），虹(hong)(hong)吸(xi)(xi)被破(po)(po)壞而沖(chong)洗(xi)(xi)過程(cheng)結束，過濾(lv)又重新開始。本裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置省去了傳統的(de)(de)(de)(de)反沖(chong)洗(xi)(xi)水(shui)(shui)泵，同時(shi)(shi)(shi)不需要抽取(qu)清水(shui)(shui)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)

清水(shui)作(zuo)(zuo)反(fan)沖(chong)洗用水(shui)，整個系統的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)路配(pei)置(zhi)(zhi)非常簡單，大大地減(jian)輕(qing)了操作(zuo)(zuo)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理強度與設備投資(zi)。由于反(fan)沖(chong)洗是根據濾層(ceng)的(de)(de)堵塞程度而自動進(jin)行的(de)(de)，減(jian)少(shao)了人(ren)為操作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)失誤，整套裝置(zhi)(zhi)可在無人(ren)操作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)狀(zhuang)態下進(jin)行。同時，我公(gong)司(si)根據實際(ji)經驗，設置(zhi)(zhi)了強制反(fan)洗裝置(zhi)(zhi)，在虹吸(xi)(xi)輔(fu)助管(guan)(guan)(guan)上增加了一根自來水(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)，當出水(shui)水(shui)質突然發生較大變化(hua)時，打開閥門，依靠水(shui)流的(de)(de)挾氣(qi)和射流作(zuo)(zuo)用及抽氣(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)將虹吸(xi)(xi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)中的(de)(de)空氣(qi)帶走(zou)，使虹吸(xi)(xi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)形成真空，虹吸(xi)(xi)上升管(guan)(guan)(guan)中的(de)(de)水(shui)就(jiu)大量地越過(guo)管(guan)(guan)(guan)頂(ding)沿虹吸(xi)(xi)下降管(guan)(guan)(guan)落(luo)下，強制開始反(fan)沖(chong)洗過(guo)程。